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The Dead Sea (, ', "Sea of Salt", also , ', "The Sea of Death",〔The first article ''al-'' is unnecessary and usually not used.〕 and (アラビア語: البحر الميت) ,), also called the Salt Sea, is a salt lake bordered by Jordan to the east and Israel and the West Bank to the west. Its surface and shores are below sea level,〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Israel and Jordan Sign ‘Historic’ $900 Million Deal to Save the Dead Sea )〕 Earth's lowest elevation on land. The Dead Sea is deep, the deepest hypersaline lake in the world. With 34.2% salinity (in 2011), it is also one of the world's saltiest bodies of water, though Lake Vanda in Antarctica (35%), Lake Assal in Djibouti (34.8%), Lagoon Garabogazköl in the Caspian Sea (up to 35%) and some hypersaline ponds and lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys in Antarctica (such as Don Juan Pond (44%)) have reported higher salinities. It is 9.6 times as salty as the ocean. This salinity makes for a harsh environment in which animals cannot flourish, hence its name. The Dead Sea is long and wide at its widest point.〔 It lies in the Jordan Rift Valley and its main tributary is the Jordan River. The Dead Sea has attracted visitors from around the Mediterranean basin for thousands of years. In the Bible, it is a place of refuge for King David. It was one of the world's first health resorts (for Herod the Great), and it has been the supplier of a wide variety of products, from asphalt for Egyptian mummification to potash for fertilizers. People also use the salt and the minerals from the Dead Sea to create cosmetics and herbal sachets. The Dead Sea water has a density of 1.24 kg/litre, which makes swimming similar to floating. ==Etymology and toponymy== In Hebrew, the Dead Sea is ' (), meaning "sea of salt" (Genesis 14:3). In the Bible, the Dead Sea is called the Salt Sea, the Sea of the Arabah, and the Eastern Sea. The designation "Dead Sea" never appears in the Bible. In prose sometimes the term ' (, "sea of death") is used, due to the scarcity of aquatic life there. In Arabic the Dead Sea is called 〔 ("the Dead Sea"), or less commonly ' (, "the Sea of Lot"). Another historic name in Arabic was the "Sea of Zoʼar", after a nearby town in biblical times. The Greeks called it ''Lake Asphaltites'' (Attic Greek , ', "the Asphaltite〔See bitumen and asphalt for more about ''asphaltite''.〕 sea"). The Bible also refers to it as ' (, "the Eastern sea") and ' (, "Sea of the Arabah"). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dead Sea」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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